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07/21/26

Diagnostic reasoning with and without AI: automation bias in pre-clerkship medical students.

Hayden, Robert; Blanco, Maria; Ramesh, Saradha; Epstein, Scott; Trowbridge, Robert. BMC Med Edu.

Collection Topics
AI and Diagnosis Cognition and Decision Making Health IT Health Professional Education
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Summary

AI tools may improve diagnostic reasoning but can also encourage overreliance on incorrect recommendations. In this educational study, pre-clerkship medical students demonstrated evidence of automation bias (overreliance on AI output) when GPT-4o chatbot generated suggestions conflicted with clinical reasoning. The findings reinforce the need to teach critical appraisal and independent reasoning alongside AI literacy rather than assuming AI will improve diagnostic performance.
Read the paper
Hayden R, Blanco M, Ramesh S, et al. Diagnostic reasoning with and without AI: automation bias in pre-clerkship medical students. BMC Med Educ. Epub 2026 Jul 21.