Enhancing diagnostic safety: addressing knowledge gaps for using human factors tools in the safe and effective use of AI - a proposed research agenda.

Effective use of AI to support diagnosis requires attention to how technology interacts with people, teams, and systems, not simply model accuracy. This multidisciplinary expert workshop report highlights six knowledge-gap domains spanning AI development and validation, workflow redesign, human-team augmentation, adaptive foundation models, and governance. The resulting research agenda emphasizes risks to address that include automation bias, overreliance, and the unintended consequences of AI. The authors underscore the importance of multidisciplinary expertise as central to achieving the safe use of AI in diagnosis.