Summary
Overdiagnosis is a key harm of prostate cancer screening. Using long-term trial data and mortality estimates, this study finds that overdiagnosis was relatively low overall after a one-time PSA screening but rose sharply with age due to competing causes of death. Policies encouraging opportunistic screening, especially in older men, should be reconsidered.
Brentnall AR, Rebolj M, Sasieni P, et al. Evaluating the impact of age on prostate cancer overdiagnosis using long-term follow-up from the CAP randomised trial. Int J Cancer. 2026;159(5):1196-1203.