08/01/26

The history of evidence-based medicine and structural diagnostic failure.

Hirschman, Shayle I. J Eval Clin Pract.

Summary

More evidence does not necessarily produce better diagnosis when responsibility for synthesizing it becomes fragmented. This historical and conceptual analysis traces how specialization, episodic care, reimbursement, documentation, and administrative systems may have weakened longitudinal diagnostic responsibility. The proposed concept of “structural diagnostic failure” shifts attention from individual cognitive mistakes toward organizational conditions that can prevent distributed information from becoming a coherent diagnostic account.
Hirschman SI. The history of evidence-based medicine and structural diagnostic failure. J Eval Clin Pract. 2026;32(5):e70581.