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07/01/26

Validation of ChatGPT-4o for detecting surgical site infections after colorectal surgery from electronic health records: a large-scale diagnostic accuracy study.

Casanova-Portolés, Daniel; Badia, Josep M; Forero, Carlos G; Sánchez-Martínez, Néstor; Alonso-Solís, Toni; Romero, Manel; Amillo, Mireia; Amador-Gil, Sara; Rubiés, Carles; Sancho, Joan. International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Collection Topics
AI and Diagnosis Big Three Conditions Culture, Work System, and Implementation Measurement, Monitoring, and Event Analysis
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Summary

Surgical site infections are sentinel events that can be identified through labor-intensive chart review. In this retrospective study of 1,157 colorectal surgery cases, an LLM reviewed narrative electronic health record notes and showed reasonable accuracy in identifying overall infections - except incisional infections -- while ruling out many cases without infection. The findings suggest a possible role for AI-assisted surveillance to support, rather than replace, human chart review.
Read the paper
Casanova-Portolés D, Badia JM, Forero CG, et al. Validation of ChatGPT-4o for detecting surgical site infections after colorectal surgery from electronic health records: a large-scale diagnostic accuracy study. Int J Infect Dis. 2026;168:108705.